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INFORMATION OF INCIDENT
– Date : 10 August 2017 (Date of notification)
– Location : Ankara/ TÜRKİYE
– Perpetrator : Ankara University
– Victim : C.Y.
ANALYSIS OF HATE CRIME
– FACTS
C.Y, who was expelled from Ankara University Faculty of Law with the Statutory Decree (KHK), applied for registration as a student at Ankara University Faculty of Communication, Radio, Television and Cinema Department. However, his/her application was rejected.
– EVALUATION OF THE CASE UNDER THE TURKISH PENAL CODE
According to article 122 of Turkish Penal Code, anyone who prevents a personfrom enjoying services offered to the public due to hatred arising from differences in language, race, nationality, color, gender, disability, political opinion, philosophical belief, religion or sect shall be sentenced to imprisonment from one year to three years.
In the present case,In the present case, Ankara University wanted to prevent the license application of C.Y., who was dismissed with the State of Emergency-KHK. The application in question was sought to be rejected on the grounds that the applicant was expelled by decree. The motive behind Ankara University’s willingness to prevent her/his registration application was the applicant’s political opinion. As a matter of fact, C.Y. was dismissed from his civil service with a decree that was issued for the expulsion of people who are members of the Gülen movement or who are alleged to be members of the movement.
In conclusion, in the case, there is a hate and discrimination crime committed by public authority officials.
– EVALUATION OF THE CASE UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW
According to the Office for Human Rights and Democratic Institutions (ODIHR) of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), a hate crime is a criminal act motivated by bias against a group. Hate crimes comprise two elements: a criminal offence and a bias motivation.
In regards to the aforementioned incident,In the incident, C.Y., who wanted to apply for undergraduate education, has been rejected on the grounds that s/he was expelled by decree. According to the definition of hate crime by ODIHR, there is a crime of discrimination motivated by hatred of C.Y.’’s affiliation with the Gülen movement.
– CONTEXTUAL INFORMATION
What is a Decree Law (KHK)?
On July 20, 2016, a State of Emergency (OHAL) was declared across Turkey. Under the State of Emergency, the government was authorized to issue emergency decrees.
The Justice and Development Party (AKP), led by President Erdoğan, accused the Gülen movement of instigating the alleged failed coup on July 15, 2016, and all these ordinary and extraordinary decrees were part of a broader hate campaign against the Gülen movement.
After July 2016, the government fired more than a hundred thousand people associated with the Gülen movement. Thousands of educational institutions were closed, more than a hundred media outlets were shut down and journalists arrested. More than a hundred people have died under torture. Dozens of people were kidnapped at home and abroad.
Article 122 – (Amended on 2 March 2014 – By Article 15 of the Law no. 6529)
(1) Any person who
(a) Prevents the sale, transfer or rental of a movable or immovable property offered to the public,
(b) Prevents a person from enjoying services offered to the public,
(c) Prevents a person from being recruited for a job,
(d) Prevents a person from undertaking an ordinary economic activity
on the ground of hatred based on differences of language, race, nationality, colour, gender, disability, political view, philosophical belief, religion or sect shall be sentenced to a penalty of imprisonment for a term of one year to three years.
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